HS code harmonization in NAFTA region

* Introduction to automobile engines Automobile engines are HS code harmonization in NAFTA regionthe core components of automobiles. When the vehicle starts, it converts the energy generated by fuel combustion into mechanical energy to drive the vehicle. An efficient car engine can provide powerful power and has high reliability and stability. In this article, we will introduce the main structure, working principle and development history of automobile engines. I. The main structure of the automobile engine The automobile engine is composed of many parts, the most important of which is the engine body. The engine body includes cylinder, crankshaft, connecting rod, valve and other parts.The cylinder is the main structural part of the engine, which consists of a cylinder block and a cylinder head. The cylinder can accommodate and burn mixed gas, produce high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and promote the movement of the piston to convert heat energy into mechanical energy. The crankshaft is a component that converts piston motion into rotational motion. The connecting rod connects the piston and the crankshaft, which is a mechanical part that converts the back and forth movement of the piston into the rotational movement of the crankshaft. The valve controls the switch of the mixture entering and discharging the cylinder, so that the engine works normally. In addition to the main structural parts, the automobile engine also includes auxiliary components such as gas distribution mechanism, cooling system and lubrication system. The gas distribution mechanism includes camshaft, rocker arm, valve spring, etc., which are used to control the opening and closing time of the valve and the lift and descent of the valve. The cooling system introduces water or gas into the heat components of the engine to dissipate heat to maintain the operating temperature of the engine.The lubrication system reduces the friction between engine parts and prolongs the service life of the engine by circulating lubricating oil. II. Working principle of automobile engine The main working principle of automobile engine is to mix fuel and air and carry out combustion reaction in the cylinder, so as to release heat energy to drive the piston movement. The engine introduces air into the cylinder through the intake valve. When the intake valve is closed, the air in the cylinder is compressed. At the highest pressure of the cylinder, the ignition system detonates the mixed gas through electric sparks, thus converting the energy generated by fuel and air combustion into the kinetic energy of the piston movement. As the piston moves, the exhaust valve opens to discharge the exhaust gas from the cylinder. The fuel of the engine can be gasoline, diesel, natural gas, etc. The ignition and combustion methods of each fuel are different, so the structure and working principle of the engine are also slightly different.In modern automobile engines, an electronic control system is generally adopted to control the timing of mixing gas and ignition, making the combustion of the engine more efficient and environmentally friendly. III. The development history of automobile engines The development of automobile engines can be traced back to the end of the 18th century. At that time, automobile engines were steam-driven and inefficient. In the 1880s, internal combustion engines began to be used in automobiles, and Sir Malcolm Campbell invented the first automobile engine in 1885. At the beginning of the 20th century, automobile engines gradually developed from single-cylinder to multi-cylinder, while adopting mature ignition and fuel injection technology, which further improved the engine performance. In the 1950s, turbocharging technology began to appear, greatly increasing the exhaust power and torque of automobile engines. Entering the 21st century, automobile engines are facing new challenges.Environmental protection and energy saving have become important considerations in engine design. In response to this trend, the automobile industry has begun to accelerate the upgrading of engine technology. New technologies such as efficient combustion, directional cooling and lightweighting are widely used in modern automobile engines to reduce emissions and improve fuel efficiency. At the same time, new technologies such as electric vehicle engines and fuel cell vehicle engines are also constantly developing. In a word, the car engine is an indispensable core component of modern cars. With the continuous progress of technology, the performance and reliability of the engine will continue to improve, bringing a stronger impetus to the development of the automobile industry.

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